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As a subscriber you can listen to articles at work, in the car, or while you work out. Subscribe NowWith a push from President Donald Trump, House Republicans sent a GOP budget blueprint to passage Tuesday, a step toward delivering his “big, beautiful bill” with $4.5 trillion in tax breaks and $2 trillion in spending cuts despite a wall of opposition from Democrats and discomfort among Republicans.
House Speaker Mike Johnson had almost no votes to spare in his bare-bones GOP majority and fought on all fronts—against Democrats, uneasy rank-and-file Republicans and skeptical GOP senators—to advance the party’s signature legislative package. Trump made calls to wayward GOP lawmakers and invited Republicans to the White House.
The vote was 217-215, with a single Republican and all Democrats opposed, and the outcome was in jeopardy until the gavel.
“On a vote like this, you’re always going to have people you’re talking to all the way through the close of the vote,” Majority Leader Steve Scalise said before the roll call.
“We got it done,” the speaker said afterward.
Passage of the package is crucial to kickstarting the process. Trump wants the Republicans who control Congress to approve a massive bill that would extend tax breaks, which he secured during his first term but are expiring later this year, while also cutting spending across federal programs and services.
Next steps are long and cumbersome before anything can become law—weeks of committee hearings to draft the details and send the House version to the Senate, where Republicans passed their own scaled-back version. And more big votes are ahead, including an unrelated deal to prevent a government shutdown when federal funding expires March 14. Those talks are also underway.
It’s all unfolding amid emerging backlash to what’s happening elsewhere as billionaire Trump adviser Elon Musk is tearing through federal agencies with his Department of Government Efficiency firing thousands of workers nationwide, and angry voters are starting to confront lawmakers at town hall meetings back home.
Democrats during an afternoon debate decried the package as a “betrayal” to Americans, a “blueprint for American decline” and simply a “Republican rip-off.”
“Our very way of life as a country is under assault,” House Democratic Leader Hakeem Jeffries said on the steps of the Capitol.
Flanked by Americans who said they would be hurt by cuts to Medicaid and other social programs, the Democrats booed the GOP budget blueprint. But as the minority party, they don’t have the votes to stop it.
Slashing government is not always popular at home
Even as they press ahead, Republicans are running into a familiar problem: Slashing federal spending is typically easier said than done. With cuts to the Pentagon and other programs largely off limits, much of the other government outlays go for health care, food stamps, student loans and programs relied on by their constituents.
Several Republican lawmakers worry that scope of the cuts being eyed — particularly some $880 billion over the decade to the committee that handles health care spending, including Medicaid, for example, or $230 billion to the agriculture committee that funds food stamps — will be too harmful to their constituents back home.
GOP leaders insist Medicaid is not specifically listed in the initial 60-page budget framework, which is true. Johnson and his leadership team also told lawmakers they would have plenty of time to debate the details as they shape the final package.
But lawmakers wanted assurances the health care program and others will be protected as the plans are developed and merged with the Senate in the weeks to come.
Rep. Mike Lawler, R-N.Y., said Trump has promised he would not allow Medicaid to be cut.
“The president was clear about that. I was clear about that,” Lawler said. “We will work through this, but the objective today is to begin the process.”
At the same time, GOP deficit hawks were withholding support until they were convinced it wouldn’t add to the nation’s $36 trillion debt load. They warned it will pile onto debt because the cost of the tax breaks, with at least $4.5 trillion over the decade outweighing the $2 trillion in spending cuts to government programs.
One key conservative, Rep. Thomas Massie, R-Ky., ended up the sole GOP vote against.
Trump had invited several dozen Republicans to the White House, including Rep. Juan Ciscomani, R-Ariz., who joined a group of GOP lawmakers from the Congressional Hispanic Conference raising concerns about protecting Medicaid, food stamps and Pell grants for college.
“While we fully support efforts to rein in wasteful spending and deliver on President Trump’s agenda, it is imperative that we do not slash programs that support American communities across our nation,” wrote Rep. Tony Gonzales, R-Texas, and several others GOP lawmakers from the Hispanic Conference.
Democrats protest tax cuts for wealthy
Democrats in the House and the Senate vowed to keep fighting the whole process. “This is not what people want,” said Rep. Jim McGovern, D-Mass., during a rules debate ahead of planned votes.
“We all know that trickle-down economics,” he said about the 2017 tax breaks that flowed mainly to the wealthy, “don’t work.”
Trump has signaled a preference for “big” bill but also appears to enjoy a competition between the House and the Senate, lawmakers said, as he pits the Republicans against each other to see which version will emerge.
Senate Republicans launched their own $340 billion package last week. It’s focused on sending Trump money his administration needs for its deportation and border security agenda now, with plans to tackle the tax cuts separately later this year.
“I’m holding my breath. I’m crossing my fingers,” said Sen. John Cornyn, R-Texas, who said he was rooting for the House’s approach as the better option. “I think a one-shot is their best opportunity.”
House GOP faces pitfalls ahead
Johnson, whose party lost seats in last November’s election, commands one of the thinnest majorities in modern history, which meant he had to keep almost every Republican in line or risk losing the vote.
The budget is being compiled during a lengthy process that first sends instructions to the various House and Senate committees, which will then have several weeks to devise more detailed plans for additional debate and votes.
Rep. Jodey Arrington, the Republican chairman of the House Budget Committee, said with economic growth assumptions, from 1.8% as projected by the nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office to 2.6% as projected by House Republicans, the package would generate about $2.6 trillion in savings over 10 years and would ensure the plan helps reduce the deficit.
Some fiscal advocacy groups view the GOP’s economic projections as overly optimistic.
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The word medicaid is not in the bill. Dems have been lying saying the bill is cutting medicaid.
If you’re not cutting the military, social security, and Medicaid, you’re not getting anywhere near the needed number to finance those tax cuts.
At some point, you’ll figure it out.
If you believe that John, I’ve got a sick timeshare to sell you.
I don’t understand why we cannot freeze the budget at last year’s level or lower until the deficit is eliminated. I know there will always be exceptions due to increases in the population of recipients of SS, Medicare, Medicaid, etc., but I think this would be a great starting point to then targeting cuts to reign in government spending.
Scott, that’s a solid starting point, but it doesn’t provide room for huge tax cuts to he wealthiest
Since Covid, National Government spending has exploded! We spend nearly $2 trillion more than we take in and much of it is wasted!
Don’t tell me your corrupt, moronic POTUS, Biden sent $250 billion wasted on Ukraine but people here, yes including millionaires, have to pay exorbitant tax rates!!
By the way, folks, it might help if you listened to real news because military spending will go down and reallocated to only necessary items. And national defense should ALWAYS be preeminent in national spending! Next, Social Security and Medicare.
The rest should be a tiny part of the budget. It’s time to dismantle DOE and others and send money to the states!!!
John, you are in the minority that thinks we wasted money to help out Ukraine, a relatively stable and democratic country that was invaded by a belligerent Russia.
Also, tax rates here are not exorbitant compared to historical rates in the US or currently around the developed world.
Military cuts are a mirage – they are just moving it from one category to another.
SS and MC – Trump and all Republicans promised no cuts, That said, everyone knows the way to save it is to (1) means test it for those that actually need it (2) raise or eliminate the SS cap on earnings to generate more resources and (3) raise the retirement age for those people under age 35-40. The first two help immediately, and the last one helps in the long run.
John – do you think we can magically turn missiles into meals?
90% of the Ukraine “money” was military supplies that the defense budget was just wasting.
Such a silly argument
As expected, no one in the IBJ audience has yet mentioned that the Republicans harp on the deficit and the total national debt until it’s their turn to make decisions. $4.5 trillion in tax cuts over 10 years is outrageous, considering the vast majority goes to the wealthy. Sure, there is some relief that will be continued for the middle class, but you could exempt them from the expiring cuts.
Also, you can’t make meaningful progress on deficit reduction unless you target both the revenue side and the expense side. So why make such gigantic cuts to taxes since that makes the deficit problem worse. There is no way to cut $4.5 trillion from spending to match the revenue decline. They are proposing only $2 trillion in spending cuts, which is absurd. Even if there were, that would keep us in a state of our current $2 trillion in annual deficits.
DOGE has proven to not be able to find $2 trillion in “waste and fraud”. Why not do this in a measured way, with each department asked to freeze spending or cut 5% a year based on their best judgement, rather than some 20-year-olds posturing and hacking away without any real understanding. Not to mention the President does not have the constitutional power of “impoundment”, meaning refusing to spend money that CONGRESS has already authorized.
Well said, Randy!
The new American oligarchs are tickled pink with King Donald now that the investment they made to ensure his return to the throne appears to be paying off.
These megadonor plutocrats whose largesse is mostly about increasing their wealth with government contracts, tax breaks and regulatory relief also are corrupting the democratic process along the way.
Do they care? Does Donald care? Sadly, the answer is no.