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This is a very good essay and assessment of the problem. I was surprised, however, to find one word missing from the 500 or so words it contains: “Dad” or “Father.”
I doubt that many incidents of youth violence in this city are perpetrated by kids from stable, two-parent households. Or even not-so-stable two-parent households.
Maybe that’s what you’re getting at when you call this an “adult responsibility problem.” But that language seems to dilute the real problem here. Urban teens being raised in mom- (or grandma-) only homes, especially when mom and or grandma also have to work full-time jobs, have to be almost heroic to overcome the odds. The “systems, environments, and expectations” you call for need to all start with the word “dad.”